Somaliland: Khataraha ka Dhalan kara Dheeli-tir La’aanta Macdanaha Ku Jira Biyaha Caagadaha

 “Qormo iftiiminaysa shuruudaha caalamiga ah ee looga baahan yahay biyaha la warshadeeyo ee caagadaha iyo wax-yaabaha ka dhiman biyaha laga soo saaro Somaliland”- Maxamed Faarax Qoti  24.July.2015 

Biyuhu waxay sare u qaadaan boqolkiiba 78 maskaxdeena, halka laba dalool oo saddexna ay kor u qaadaan miisaanka jidhka aadamaha, maaha wax la fududeysan karo shaqada biyuhu qabtaan, waayo, Biyuhu waa gaadhiga xaamuulka ee qaada macdamaha, sidda, Tamarta “carbohydrates” nafaqada “ proteins”  iyo Fiitamiinada,  oo ah macdano Alle ugu talo-galay jidhkeena, kuwaasoo illaaliya xubnaha jidhka noolaanshahooda, wuxuu sii qaadaa walxo khashin ah isagoo ka saara jidhka, waxa kale oo uu caawiyaa barkinka xubnaha kalagoosyada iyo ka-hortaga dheecaanada candhuufta,

Inkastoo lagu qiyaaso dumarka biyaha jidhkooda ku jira boqolkiiba 55, biyaha maalintii ay cabaana 1.6 litters, halka raggana lagu qiyaaso boqolkiiba 65, ay  cabaana maalintii 2 litter oo dareera ah, haddana, haddii aynu cabi  waayno biyo inagu filan maalintii, waxaynu dareenaa haraad badan, ka dibna calciumkii ku jiray kaadida waxa uu noqdaa jidhiidh ku ururta kalyaha, kaasoo isku bedala dhagaxaanta kalyaha fadhiista  (Calcium Ox late) ee xanuunka daran, waxaanay ilkaha ku sameeyaan suus iyo in dhaawac uu ku yimaado maskaxda.

Sida ay qabaan ururadda caalamiga ah ee caagadaha biyaha (IBWA) Hayadda caalamiga ah ee maamusha cuntadda iyo Daawada (FDA), iyo Hayadda caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO), macdanaha biraha ee culusi ee ku jira biyaha caagadaha ay dhibaato badan ku keeni karaan caafimaadka, haddii macdanuhu ka bataan ama ka yaraadaan heerka loogu talo-galay, wax-yeelooyinkaas waxa soo raaca oo kale inay daciifiyaan koritaanka iyo horumarka jidhka, kanserka, dhaawac ku yimaada unugyadda iyo habdhiska daareen wadayaasha, haddii xad-dhaaf noqdaana waxay sababi karaan illaa heer dhimasho, Sidda:- Mercury, lead, kuwaasoo sababa inay la dagaalamaan horumarka difaaca jidhka, isla-markaana waxa dhacda in habka unugyadda difaaca qofku is-weeraro, taasoo ku keenta qofka sida:- xubno-xanuun, kalyo xanuun, habdhiska wareega dhiiga iyo habdhiska dareen-wadayaasha xanuun.

Sida ku cad PH-ka oo ah xajmiga awoodda biyaha, kaasoo ah cabirka ugu wanaagsan ee tilmaama xajmiga biyaha awooddoodu adag tahay iyo inay khafiif yihiin, waxaana biyaha  saafiga ah lagu qiimeeyaa awoodda xajmigoodu yahay 7-ba, hadday ka hooseeyaan waxay noqdaan biyo aysiidhi ku jirto oo  khafiif ah, isla markaana ay ku jiraan Attamadda sida, Birta, Manganese, Naxaas, lead, Zinc, iyo waliba macdamaha suntan ah ee heerkoodu sareeyo, waxyeelada ay soo gaadhsiiyaan maryaha lagu maydho ka sokow, waxa kaloo aadamaha soo gaadhsiiyaan xaalad caafimaad darro, sida:- dhicinta dumarka, quraxda iyo dhadhanka, haddii xajmiga biyahaasi ka sareeyaan 7-ba, waa kuwo Alkaline ah oo dhadhankoodu adagyahay, waxaanay ku keenaan jidhka isbedel weyn, sida:-Madax-xanuun badan, laab-xanuun, calool xanuun, khaasatan Haddii unugyadda dhiiga ay soo gaadhaan dareere saayid ah oo Aysiidh ahi, laakiinse, Alkalintu waxay isku bedeshaa aysiidh, haddii ay soo gaadhaan unugyadda hawadu ku yar tahay, inkastoo lagu qiyaaso  xajmiga awoodda biyaha ku jira jidhka aadamaha boqolkiiba -50 illaa iyo 60-dan (50%-60%).

kimikalku waxay wax-yeeleeyaan dhamaan kimikalka ku jira jidhka, caafimaadka qofka, xanuunadda ay qabaan iyo dhamaan hab-dhaqameedka jaangooynta sidda:- neefsashadda, wareega dhiiga, dheefshiidka, soo saarista dheecaamada, Ujeedada dheeli-tirka xajmiga biyaha waa badbaadada unugyadda nool ee jidhka  iyo in aanay dhaawac soo gaadhin, sababtoo ah, haddii ay Aysiidhu ku badato jidhka ama Alkaline’tu, way sumoobaan unugyadda jidhka, waxaana isku darsama khashinkii ay saarayeen iyo kuwii dhintay.

Macdanta la yidhaa Kaalshiyamka (Calcium) boqolkiiba waxay ka qayb-qaadataa dhisidda iyo illaalinta lafaha iyo ilkaha, waxaanay caawiyaan xin-jiraynta dhiiga, dareen-wadayaashana waxay u diraan fariimaha ay muruqyadda ku soo ururiyaan, maalin kastana jidhkeenu wuxuu ku lumiyaa calciumka, sidda: cidiyaha, timaha, dhididka, kaadida, iyo saxaradaba.

Haddaba sidda aanu ogaanay caagadaha biyaha kala duwan ee ka soo baxa dalkeena, waxay u qaybsan yihiin saddex nooc oo mid waliba ku muujisan yahay dusha sarre ee caagadaha biyaha, kuwaasoo kala ah:- Biyaha Macdanta (Mineral water) oo ah biyo ka kooban in ka yar  250 qaybood halkii milyan (ppm) ee laga baadhay tiradda adkaha lagana sifeeyey, soona maray qasabad, riig, durdur iyo ceelasha biyaha hoostooda la illaaliyey.

Nooca labaad waa Biyaha dabeeciga (Natural Water) ahna biyaha durdurka ama biyo fiican oo ka soo maaxday dhulka hoostiisa amaba biyo ka yimid dusha sare oo la mariyey hab fudud, balse aan la-dhalan rogin, daaweyn xadidan mooyaane iyo nooca saddexaad oo ah Biyaha la uumi bixiyey (Purified Water) soona maray habka kulaylinta iyo qaboojinta, ama laga saaray Aayoonis (ions) waxaana loo isticmaalaa biyaha lagu qaso daawooyinka, iyadoo sidoo kale loola jeedo Biyaha Gu’ga ( Spring water).

Sida muuqata, Dalka Somaliland waxa isticmaala biyaha mooyo-saxaha la yidhaa da’da aqoonta leh, waa da’da u dhaxaysa “18 illa iyo 45 jir” kuwaasoo ka warqaba wax kastoo khatar ku ah caafimaadka, xitaa haddii tayadda caagadda biyaha laftigeedu wanaagsan yihiin, haddana lama taaban karo in biyahaasi saafiyihiin, waxaana muhiim ah in la  xusuusnaado in lagu sumoobi karo, haddii ay gaadhaan biyaha gu’ga (waa biyaha caagaddaha’ahe)  cadad yar oo cayayaan dile ah ama noollaha illi-maqabatiga, laakiinse Biyaha qasabadu maaha biyo la uumi bixiyey, balse waa kuwo la daaweeyey, isla markaana lagama yaabo inay dhaawici karto bacteriyadu.

Somaliland waxa ka diwaan gashan 14-warshadood oo soo saara caagadaha biyaha la cabo, laakiinse suuqyadda ganacsiga waxa laga helaa 8-ka mid ah  kuwaasoo kala ah:-  Dur-dur purified bottled water, Biyo-Sixa pure water treated with ozone, Zam-Zam  Sahil Mineral Water, Saxan-saxo Pure natural mineral water, Dhamal Mineral water, Maaxda Mineral water, Mina Pure natural mineral water, Tayo Mineral water,  kuwa aan soo bixina waxa ka mid ah:- Abyan, shamis, Saafi, Hargeisa spring water, Golis iyo Xareeda.

Waxa kaliyaata ee ku xusan 3-qodob oo ka mid ah 10-ka qodob ee lagu waajibay inay ku xusnaadaan warqadda war-bixinta ee ku dhajisan caagadaha biyaha, sidda” 1-Magaca shirkada “ commercial name”  2- Qiyaasta “Content in I,cI or dI” 3-  Ku rid goobta qashinka ee ha ku tuurin deegaanka.

Balse waxaan kuba suntanayn caagadaha biyaha , sidda:- 1- Heerka iibka ganacsiga “Merchandise class (Mineral water)  2-  waxa ugu muhiimsan (waxa ay ka kooban tahay cusbadu iyo wax-yeelada ay u leedahay caafimaadka) “Main properties “ composition in mineral salts, health effects etc”  3- in laga baadhay bacteriyadda “ (Bacteriological analysis) 4- baadhida kimikalka (Physical-chemical features as PH, spring temperature, electric conductibility, total hardness, gasses dissolved in one liter of water) 5- Kala soocida darrajada xubnaha macdanta (Mineral, mediomineral, oligomineral)  6- Iibka ogolaanshaha dowlada ee waaxda caafimaadka, (Selling authorization by health department) 7-  Taariikhda ay soo baxday maalinta, bisha iyo sanadka “ production plot in terms of day, months and year”

Inkastoo aanay ii suuro galin in shaybaadh lagu sameeyo biyaha laftigooda, hadda waxaynu qiimeyn doonaa xadiga macdanaha xeerarka qawaaniinta caalamigu ay ogol yihiin iyo  macdanaha ku qoran warqadda ku dhajisan caagadaha biyaha la cabo ee ka soo baxa dalka jamhuuriyadda Somaliland.

Sida ay qabaan ururadda caalamiga ah ee caagadaha biyaha (IBWA) Hayadda caalamiga ah ee maamusha cuntadda iyo Daawada (FDA), iyo Hayadda caafimaadka Auunka (WHO), waxaanay arrintaasi ku cadahay shaxdan hoose, waxa muhiima in sidan loogu qiyaaso macdanaha ku jira biyaha caagadaha, taasoo ku cad shaxdan hoose.

Magaca	PH	TDS	NA	K	CA	MG	CL	No3	HCO3	SO4	FL	Zn	Ca Co3	T-H	F
IBWA (2004)	6.5-8.5	500	-	-	-	-	250	44	-	-	0.3	-	-	-	0.8-1.7
FDA(2002)	7	500	-	-	-	-	250	44	-	-	0.3	-	-	-	0.8-2.4
WHO(2008)	6.5-8.5	1000	20	1.2	10	5	250	50	1.25-3.5	250	0.3	-	-	500	1.5

Shaxdan hoose waxay muujiniyasaa heerka macdanaha kala duwan ee biyaha warshadaysan ee dalkeena laga soo saaro.

Macdanaha	Dur-Dur	Biyo-sixa	Zam-Zam	Saxan-saxo	Dhamal	Maaxda	Mina	Tayo
PH	7.4	6.5	7.54	7.8	7.5	7.44	7.4	7.5
TDS	110	67	25	130	110	23	100	100
NA	12.5	10.804	6	10	12	6.03	6	12
K	1	0.445	2	0.2	1	1	3.5	0.1
CA	9.3	0.12	1.1	3.4	9.3	2.03	6.5	18
MG	6.3	0.21	2	19	6.3	2	2.5	8
CL	16	13	7.4	47	16	7.6	10	10
No3	1.5	13	1.7	0.4	1.5	1.91	5.3	5.3
HCO3	41.5	21	6.4	27	41.5	6.45	21	21
SO4	6	27	2.4	19	6	2.38	9.3	<5
F	0.8	0.006	0.8	0	0.8	0	0	0.15
Zn	0	0.016	0	0	0	0	0	0
CaCo3	0	21	0	0	0	0	0	26
T-H	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
FL	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
C	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Sida muuqata, farqi ayaa u dhaxeeya xadiga qiyaasta macdanaha kala duwan ee ku jira biyaha caagadaha ee laga soo saaro dalkeena iyo kuwa caalamka, Waa muhiima inaad ka taxadirto wax-kasta ka-hor inta aanad isticmaalin, iska akhridid warqaddaha ku lifaaqan sidda:- cuntooyinka, Daawooyinka,qalabka, isgaadhsiinta, IWM, sidaa-darteed waxaan Goloha baarlamaanka iyo wasaaradaha ay khusayso u soo jeedinayaa in la dajiyo xeerarkii iyo qaynuunkii lagu dhaqi lahaa warshaddaha biyaha ee somaliland, si loo waafajiyo xeerarka caalamiga ah ( International standard water bottled), si looga hortago khataro caafimaad oo dadweynuhu kala kulmi karaan qiyaas la’aanta macdanaha kala duwan ee ku jira iyo qaar sidoo kale wakhtiga isticmaalkoodii dhacay.

Qoraa: Maxamed Faarax Qoti